Heparin is one of the oldest drugs currently still in widespread clinical use. It was discovered in 1916 at Johns Hopkins and entered clinical trials in 1935. It was originally isolated from dog's liver cells (hepar is Greek for liver"), then moved to beef membranes as a source and can be attributed to the research of Jay McLean and William Henry Howell.Dr. Janet Woodcock, director of the Food and Drug Administration’s drug center, said that German regulators uncovered a cluster of illnesses among dialysis patients who took contaminated heparin. She said Chinese officials had conceded that heparin produced in their country contained a contaminant, though they say it was not connected to the illnesses.
“Heparin should not be contaminated, regardless of whether or not that contamination caused acute adverse events,” Dr. Woodcock said. “We are fairly confident based on the biological information that we have had that this contaminant is capable of triggering these adverse reactions.”
FDA officials said the man-made chemical compound known as over-sulfated chondroitin sulfate is cheap and abundant. It mimics heparin when tested, but is not naturally occurring and not something that would be part of the normal production chain for heparin.